EPS C82 Website --- by Yujia Tao
Mucci's group published a paper on Nature Communications on the acidification and calcium carbonate desaturation of deep and shallow waters of the Arctic Ocean. The study provides an unique insight in how Arctic Ocean was acidified and possible resolutions to the problem.
They showed, with an alternative model, the rapid, near simultaneous, acidification of both surface and deep waters, a prediction supported by current, but limited, saturation data. Whereas Arctic surface water responds directly by atmospheric CO2 uptake, deeper waters will be influenced strongly by intrusion of mid-depth, pre-acidified, Atlantic Ocean water. Source: Luo, Yiming, Bernard P. Boudreau, and Alfonso Mucci. "Disparate acidification and calcium carbonate desaturation of deep and shallow waters of the Arctic Ocean." Nature Communications 7 (2016). The figure below is on aragonite saturation.
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China is investing huge in ocean researches!! The Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology will consolidate much of the nation’s ocean research and host 10,000 researchers and support staff, making it one of the largest national labs in the world.
The major attraction of this new lab will be a research vessel for deep-sea drilling. The Dream, as it will be named, would be the third vessel of its kind after Japan’s Chikyu and the United States’s JOIDES Resolution. The lab, which will bring 11 existing marine research centers under its wing, will also inherit a fleet of manned submersibles, including the Jiaolong, which in 2012 dove more than 7000 meters into the Mariana Trench, setting a world depth record. Source:McLaughlin, Kathleen. "Cannonball! China's megasplash in ocean research." Science 353.6304 (2016): 1078-1079. Pacific carbon cycling constrained by organic matter size, age and composition relationships11/21/2016 Estimating the residence time of PIC and POC has been a persisting challenge for oceanographers. Walker's group analyzed existing and new measurements of the carbon: nitrogen ratio and radiocarbon age of organic matter spanning sizes from large particulate organic matter to small dissolved organic molecules. They found that organic matter size is negatively correlated with radiocarbon age and carbon:nitrogen ratios in coastal, surface and deep waters of the Pacific Ocean. These measurements suggested that organic matter is increasingly chemically degraded as it decreases in size, and that small particles and molecules persist in the ocean longer than their larger counterparts.
Source: Walker, Brett D., et al. "Pacific carbon cycling constrained by organic matter size, age and composition relationships." Nature Geoscience (2016). Nature Geoscience (2016) doi:10.1038/ngeo2830 F.A. Haumann et al. illustrated the effects of northward sea-ice freshwater transport on Southern Ocean salinity and the paper was published on Nature letters recently. Observations of salinity in the Southern Ocean over the past few decades have revealed a substantial widespread freshening in the surface waters of both coastal and open ocean regions. They argued that the additional freshwater for the entire northern sea-ice edge entails a freshening rate of −0.02±0.01 grams per kilogram per decade in the surface and intermediate waters of the open ocean, similar to the observed freshening.
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